Improvement in barrel-heads



P. H. nrlswoLn."

Barrel-Heads.

No.1 48 20g'. Patented M"arch3,1874.

MMC W. m4

, @if By Y fQwz@ UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PABDON H. GRISVOLD, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BARREL-HEADS.

. a v Speciiication formingpart of Letters Patent No.14l8. 209, datedMardi 3,1874; application filed May 21, 1873.

To all whom t may concer-n:-

Be it known that I, PARDoN H. GRIswoLD, of Indianapolis, in the countyof Marion and in the State of Indiana, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Barrel-Head 5 and do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of referencemarked thereon, making a part of this specification.

My invention consists in the construction of a head for barrels, casks,hogsheads, 85e., of two or more disks of wood, each disk being cut froma single piece and the disks placed one upon the other, with the grainof the wood at `right` angles to each other, and the disks thus placedbeing glued firmly together, the edges of the two disks being beveledto` prevent their splitting and becoming separated from each other, allas more fully hereinafter set forth.

In the annexed drawings, Figure l represents a plan view of the head,showing the position of the grains of the upper and under disks. Fig. 2represents a section of the head taken through line :c Fig. l.

The main object of my invention is to provide a head for barrels, &c.,that will possess strength, will not warp or split, can be easily andcheaply manufactured, will prevent the contents of the barrel or otherreceptacle of similar construction from oozing or sifting through it,and economize in timber in the manufacture thereof. y

A represents a disk cut of thinwood, and B a similar disk. Glue isplaced upon one of these disks, the other one placed upon it with thegrains of the wood at right angles, and the pieces in this constructionfirmly pressed together and dried. In some cases three layers or disksmay be cut, placed, glued, and pressed together in the same manner asthe two pieces, as above described. The edges of the outer disk B areslightly beveled on the outer side, as shown, from et to y, and are alsoslightly beveled on the inner edges, as shown, from z to y. The innerdisk or disks A is not quite as large as the disk B, and is also beveledon its edge, as shown, from d to z. In placing the head in a barrel, thepoint y of the outer disk B alone enters the circumferential groove inthe barrel. By this means the pressure of the contents of the barrel onits head will be upon the outer disk alone, which disk is so beveled asto give great strength, and is not liable to have its edges broken. In abarrelhead composed of two thin lpieces of timber, when the two piecesof which it is composed are beveled alike and the two disks of equalsize, the beveling down will thin the edges to such an extent that thepressure on the head will splinter the edges and cause the parts toseparate. By having one disk smaller than the other, and beveling theedges down, as herein shown and described, the above defeots areremedied and the difliculties that would otherwise be experienced areobviated. Heads for barrels, casks, hogsheads, bottoms for cheese-boxes,bushel, and other measures, and, in truth, any top or bottom for acylindrical wooden package can be formed as above described, and foundto possess very great advantages over those now usually employed. Theusual mode has been to form the barrel-head from two or more piecesplaced edge to edge. Especially is this the case in flour-barrels. In ashort time the parts will shrink more or less (unless the timber of theparts of the head is thoroughly seasoned) and narrow cracks form betweenthe pieces of the head, so that the contents of the barrel will, to someextent, ooze out.

Heads for barrels and other cylindrical packages are rarely made from asingle piece on account of the extra width of lumber required to makethe same, and when so made are imperfect. Vith my invent-ion I use thethin lumber th at is cut'around the log. One thickness of this lumberwould not answer, as it would soon warp and split; nor would two layersof this timber answer well unless the grains of the two pieces arelcrossed and put together, as heretofore described.

l In oil-barrels great losses have been experienced in the use of thecommon head on account of the oil workin g out through the pores of thewood. In using my head in oil-barrels the oil cannot pass but into theinner disk of the head, as the glue which holds the layers acts as aperfect check to the oil, and prevents its escape from the barrel.

I am fully aware that the principle of placing two pieces of' thin Woodtogether with their grains at right angles and securing' them in thisposition is not new; hence I disclaim such as being,` my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim i`s As an articleof manufacture, the barrel-head described, composed of two or more thinpieces of Wood, made in circular forn1,plaeed together With the grainsof the Wood at right angles, the disk A being smaller than the disk B,and

the tWo disks being beveled, as shown, from a' to y, from g/ to z, andfrom l to z, and glued together, all as and for the purposes set forth.1n testimony that I claim the foregoing l have hereunto set my hand this19th day of April, 1873.

PARDON H. GRISWOLD.

Witnesses THOMAS C. MOORE, HENRY A. REED.

